Showing 6 results for Diabetes Mellitus
Batol Amini Najafabadi, Saeed Keshavarz, Sedigheh Asgary, Mehrdad Azarbarzin,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (10-2020)
Abstract
Background and objective: The effect of aerobic exercise (AE) on cardiovascular (CVD) related risk factors are still debatable. Therefore this randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) was performed with unique and specific AE protocol to investigate the effect of eight-week AE only on female subjects with type 2 diabetes.
Material And Method: A controlled RCT was performed on 30 women with type 2 diabetes aged 30 - 50. They were randomly divided into two groups, intervention and control by block randomization method. The intervention group received an incremental AE for eight weeks, three sessions per week, max heart rate (55-75%) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) 12-13 for 150 minutes per week. Blood samples were taken before and after each intervention for both groups to be evaluated for fasting blood sugar (FBS), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lipid profile [triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)].
Result: Eight-week AE intervention led to a significant decrease in HbA1c, FBS levels (p = 0.025, p=0.003) in experimental group compared to control however no significant differences was observed in terms of lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), LDL-C and HDL-C) between control and experimental group (p> 0.05). The results of paired t-test showed that FBS, TC and HbA1c levels were significantly reduced within experimental group after intervention compared to pre-test (p = 0.038, p = 0.05, p = 0.002, respectively). There was no significant difference between TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels within experimental group between pre and post-test (p>0.05).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that AE has been effectively reduce FBS, HbA1c and TC in women type 2 diabetes.
Tahereh Ziadlou, Ahmad Hajebi, Fahimeh Fathali Lavasani, Mohammad Reza Seirafi, Addis Kraskian Moujembari,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: As a health emergency of the 21st century, Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke, diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, pregnancy complications, psychological problems, lower quality of life experience, as well as a high economic burden and high risk of premature death. This study aimed to develop psychological interventions headings for patients referring to healthcare service centers based on local needs assessment through content analysis method of experts' opinion to provide services in the primary healthcare system.
Material and Methods: This study was conducted on 19 mental health specialists, professors, and the health team providing services in healthcare service centers (family doctor and mental health expert) in 2018-19. The data obtained from the semi-structured interviews were analyzed using the directed content analysis technique.
Results: The essential finding themes related to the closed headings of psychological interventions in diabetes for improving disease management included "collaborative care," "psychological assessment," the importance of "diabetes coexistence with psychiatric disorders," "creating health behaviors," "self-management training," and "intervention" In crisis" for the management of type 2 diabetes.
Conclusion: This qualitative study was conducted with the participation of mental health experts. Therefore, the mentioned themes and categories can be used in developing the headings of psychological intervention programs for type 2 diabetic patients, focusing on the needs of Iranian patients and the structure of the health system.
Roghayeh Koroni, Abdossaleh Zar, Mohammad Mehdi Khaleghi ,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease associated with a partial or absolute deficiency of insulin, hyperlipidemia, and impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
The present study aimed to compare the effects of different types of exercises on lipid profiles in menopausal women with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: Fifty-six sedentary obese menopausal women with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into 4 groups: aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, combined exercise, and a control group. Each group, except the control group, participated in their respective exercises for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected from the subjects before and 48 hours after the training period. Data were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired sample t tests, with a significance level set at P≤0.05. All calculations were performed using SPSS v. 20.
Results: Triglyceride levels significantly decreased in the aerobic exercise (P = 0.017) and combined exercise (P = 0.0001) groups. Low-density lipoprotein levels significantly decreased in aerobic exercise (P = 0.034), resistance exercise (P = 0.003), and combined exercise groups (P = 0.009). Cholesterol levels significantly decreased in the aerobic exercise (P = 0.0001), resistance exercise (P = 0.030), and combined exercise (P = 0.01) groups. Additionally, high-density lipoprotein levels significantly increased in the aerobic exercise (P = 0.041) and combined exercise (P = 0.002) groups.
Conclusion: It appears that combined exercises, rather than resistance or endurance exercises alone, are a more appropriate intervention for improving lipid profiles in menopausal women with type 2 diabetes.
Farnaz Seifi, Mojdeh Khajehlandi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background: The use of complementary medicine in healthcare is increasing rapidly. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training with quercetin supplementation on the gene expression of FOXO1 and ATG5 in the liver of diabetic obese rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 42 male Wistar rats were considered research samples at eight weeks. Rats were induced with diabetes after eight weeks of a high-fat diet and familiarization with a laboratory environment and treadmill. Rats were divided into seven groups, and six rats were placed in each group (n=6): healthy control group, diabetes control group, diabetic quercetin group, high-intensity interval training with diabetes group, moderate-intensity continuous training with diabetes group, diabetic high-intensity interval training with quercetin group, and diabetic moderate-intensity continuous training with quercetin group. For one training group, eight weeks of high-intensity interval training, and for the other group, eight weeks of moderate-intensity continuous training on the treadmill were performed. Seventy-two hours after the last training session, liver tissues were isolated to check the gene expression of FOXO1 and ATG5. One-way analysis of variance test was used to check the difference between groups by SPSS version 26 software.
Results: Findings showed that by inducing type 2 diabetes, gene expression of FOXO1 increased (3.14 unit) (P<0.001) and ATG5 gene expression decreased (0.71 unit) (P<0.001). After eight weeks of training investigation, gene expression of FOXO1 and ATG5 decreased (P<0.001) and increased (P<0.001), respectively, in all training groups compared to the diabetic control group. There was no significant difference between the four training groups (P>0/05).
Conclusion: Both exercises with and without quercetin had a modulating effect on the gene expression of indicators related to the process of autophagy and blood glucose levels in the liver of diabetic obese rats.
Kamal Mirkarimi , Najmeh Shahini , Abdolhalim Rajabi , Amir Hosein Izadyar ,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (4-2024)
Abstract
Background: Self-care is defined as a strategy to adapt the events and stresses of life, which improves health and includes special activities that alleviate the symptoms of the disease. This study aimed to investigate the impact of a self-care program on the self-esteem of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) attending rural health centers in Gorgan City in 2023.
Methods: A quasi-experimental, pre-and post-test intervention study was conducted using a multistage sampling technique in patients with T2DM and prediabetes attending health centers in rural health centers of Gorgan City. An educational program was conducted on 68 patients divided into two groups of diabetes and pre-diabetes (34 patients in each group). Data were collected using a personal information checklist, standard self-care questionnaires, and the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory. Follow-up was conducted two months after the intervention. The data were described using mean and standard deviation, and analyzed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Chi-square, Independent T-test, and Paired T-test.
Results: The mean age in the T2DM group was 58 ±7.26, and 60.29 ± 9.47 years in the pre-diabetes group. The mean fasting blood sugar levels in the T2DM and pre-diabetes groups after the intervention were 131.24 and 100.94, respectively, which showed a significant statistical difference (P-Value=0.02). The mean self-esteem scores in the T2DM and pre-diabetes groups after the intervention also showed a significant statistical difference (P-Value =0.006).
Conclusion: In the current study, the present intervention led to the improvement of self-esteem and self-care scores in people with T2DM and pre-diabetes.
Hediye Shariaty , Fatemeh Bagheri ,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (4-2024)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is a prevalent condition with no definitive cure, often referred to as a” silent killer.” Diabetes is primarily categorized into three types: Type I, Type II, and gestational diabetes. In Type I diabetes, the body's immune system attacks and damages the insulin-producing cells. Conversely, Type II diabetes, which is more common than Type I, occurs when the body does not respond adequately to the insulin being produced, resulting in elevated blood sugar levels. Effectively treating pre-diabetes can prevent its progression to full-blown diabetes.
Methods: In the present research, a semi-supervised approach is proposed to predict diabetes. Improved missing value imputation (MVI) is achieved by utilizing Gaussian mixture model (GMM) clustering. The proposed classifier integrates GMM with a machine learning algorithm, specifically random forest (RF), thereby inducing a more robust predictive model via the fusion of clustering and classification techniques.
Results: The proposed method achieves an accuracy of 84%, a precision of 82.03%, a recall of 69.75%, and an F1-score of 75.12% base on experiments conducted on the PIMA Indian population.
Conclusion: Employing GMM to fill in missing values provides the advantage of replacing invalid data with the most similar records, thereby enhancing the quality of the dataset. The proposed classifier also exhibits strong predictive capabilities in identifying diabetes. By integrating this combined approach, this study offers an effective method for predicting diabetes, making a significant contribution to healthcare analytics as a whole.
